Skip to content

Wiki: Crimea is Ukraine

Wiki knowledge base of the "Crimea is Ukraine" project — an all-Ukrainian online bank of archival, museum, academic-publicist, and educational materials confirming the close connection of Crimea with mainland Ukraine. Learn more about the project...

All Articles

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T U V W Y Z 1

A

B

  • Bakhchysarai Khan's PalaceMain residence of the rulers of the Crimean Khanate (16th–18th centuries), the world's only preserved example of Crimean Tatar palace architecture; target of barbaric "restoration" under occupation.
  • BakhmutHistorical salt-making center in Sloboda Ukraine ("white gold"), salt wars of 1697–1701, and competitor to Crimean salt lakes.
  • Bar Confederation in CrimeaThe military-political alliance of the Bar Confederates with the Ottoman Empire and the Crimean Khanate (1768–1772).
  • Battleship "Novorossiysk"Flagship dreadnought of the USSR Black Sea Fleet (former Italian "Giulio Cesare"), built in 1911 in Genoa and blown up in 1955 in Sevastopol.
  • Battle for Crimea (1941–1942)Kerch-Feodosia Landing and the \"Crimean Front\": failure of the Soviet offensive and population attitude.
  • Battle Painting of the Cossack EraGenre of fine arts dedicated to the artistic reconstruction of battles, military campaigns, and figures of Ukrainian Cossacks of the 16th–18th centuries.
  • Bernard Pretvych16th-century starosta of Bar, defender of the Ukrainian borders from Tatar raids and connected to the emergence of the Cossacks.
  • Beryl BainbridgeBritish writer (b. 1932, Liverpool); the novel 'Master Georgie' (1998) artistically depicts Crimea during the Crimean War.
  • BilohirskA town in foothill Crimea (formerly Karasubazar), district centre near the White Rock (Ak-Kaya).
  • Bilozerka CultureFinal Bronze Age culture (12th–10th century BCE) in the Northern Black Sea region and Crimea, its Lower Dnieper and Crimean variants.
  • Bilozerka Culture Burial Ground near Shyroke VillageOne of the largest Late Bronze Age sites in the Northern Black Sea region; excavated by O. Lieskov, studied and published by E. Kravchenko and T. Hoshko.
  • Black Sea FleetNaval fleet of the russian empire on the Black Sea; birth associated with Kherson and the Kherson Admiralty.
  • Blockade of Crimea (1918)Economic (customs) blockade of the peninsula by Skoropadsky's Ukrainian State.
  • Bohdan Fedorovych HlynskyiPrince from the Mamai-Hlynsky family, Voivode of Cherkasy, organizer of the Cossacks and leader of the capture of Ochakiv in 1493.
  • Bora Gazi Giray IICrimean Khan (1588–1607), poet, prominent Turkic composer of the 16th century, and author of over 60 instrumental pieces.
  • Bosporan KingdomAncient Greco-Scythian state on the shores of the Kerch Strait; capital — Panticapaeum (Kerch).
  • Branch State Archive of the SSU (GDASBU)Archive-keeper of fund No. 6 'Criminal cases on rehabilitated persons' (inventory No. 6 — Crimea 1920–1953).
  • Brian GarfieldAmerican writer; the novel 'Kolchak's Gold' with a Crimean storyline and a thesis about Ukrainian Sevastopol.
  • Bulgarians in CrimeaBulgarian ethnic group of Crimea: colonization from 1802, deportation in 1944, community revival.
  • "Bulletin of the Sevastopol Ukrainian Council"The official press organ of the Sevastopol Ukrainian Council in 1917–1918.

C

D

  • Dacha StamboliAn architectural monument in Feodosia, former dacha of the tobacco manufacturer Yosyp Stamboli, built in 1910–1914.
  • Demyan KorotchenkoChairman of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR (1947–1954), responsible for implementing government programmes for resettling Ukrainians to Crimea.
  • Denys ChernyshovDeputy Minister of Justice of Ukraine (2016–2019), representative of Ukraine to the ECHR.
  • Deportation of Crimean Tatars (1944)Forced expulsion of the Crimean Tatar people on May 18–20, 1944; recognized as genocide in Ukraine.
  • Deportation of the Peoples of Crimea (1944)June deportation of Bulgarians, Greeks, and Armenians (GKO decree No. 5984) and the historical resettlement of Crimean Christians in 1778.
  • Destroyed Temples of KerchLost sacred architecture of Kerch from the 19th–early 20th centuries: Holy Trinity Cathedral, the Stempkovsky Chapel, and the German Lutheran church; postcards as a source.
  • Dmytro PolyanskyyFirst Secretary of the Crimean Regional Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine (1954–1955), removed for sabotaging Ukrainisation and housing construction.
  • "Documents of TsDAVO of Ukraine on the History of Crimea"An overview of archival documents on the history of Crimea in the funds of TsDAVO of Ukraine.
  • "Documents on the History of Crimea in the Holdings of the State Archives of Kyiv Oblast"An overview of the DAKO archival funds with materials on the history of Crimea.
  • Dolphins of the Black SeaBlack Sea cetaceans (bottlenose dolphin, common dolphin, harbour porpoise): species, intelligence, hunting, protection, and military use.
  • Dzhafer SeydametCrimean Tatar political figure, one of the leaders of the Crimean Tatar movement, Minister of Finance and Foreign Affairs in the First Crimean Regional Government.
  • DzhankoyA city in northern Crimea, a railway junction; history from the founding of the station (1871) to the city's centenary (2017).
  • Dzhemil KarikovCrimean Tatar composer, folklorist, musicologist, researcher, and restorer of instrumental classics of the Khanate period.
  • DzhymbalosA Crimean dialect word for the autumn gleaning of leftover grapes and fruit on harvested plantations; etymology unknown.

E

  • Ecological and Cultural Price of IrrigationThe ecological (loss of floodplains, algal blooms, mine flooding) and cultural consequences of irrigation in Southern Ukraine and Crimea.
  • Ecological Balance and Water Deficit of CrimeaComprehensive ecological-geological and hydrological problem of Crimea caused by limited local water resources and the shutdown of the North Crimean Canal.
  • Eleonora von TaubeBaroness, educator, founder and head of the Zdolbuniv Girls' Gymnasium in Kerch.
  • Energy Independence of UkraineGas dependence on the russian federation, reducing energy consumption, domestic oil and gas production, the Crimean shelf, and renewable energy sources.
  • Energy Integration of Crimea with the UkrSSR (1945–1954)Development of the united Southern Energy Region and inclusion of Crimea in the Ukrainian SSR power grid (Dnieper Hydroelectric Station, Kakhovka Hydroelectric Station).
  • Energy Resources of the Black Sea ShelfHydrocarbon, methane gas hydrate, and hydrogen sulphide deposits on the Black Sea shelf, the Chornomornaftohaz infrastructure, and the geopolitical dimension of the occupation of Crimea.
  • Energy Sector of CrimeaHistory of the peninsula's electric power: the first city power plants (Simferopol 1896, Sevastopol 1897–1899), Krymenergo, integration with the Ukrainian SSR grid (Kakhovka GRES, 1962), and dependence on the mainland until 2014.
  • Erwin Finlay-FreundlichGerman astronomer at Berlin Observatory, leader of the 1914 expedition to Crimea to test the theory of relativity.
  • Ethnic Composition of Crimea According to the 1989 CensusData from the last Soviet census (1989): the share of russians in cities and districts, over 625,000 Ukrainians, assessment of russification, the absence of Ukrainian-language schools, and imperial migration policy.
  • Ethnogenesis of the Crimean TatarsThe centuries-long formation of the Crimean Tatar people as the peninsula's autochthonous population (Tauri, Scythians, Kipchaks, Goths, Seljuks, Italians); refutation of the myth of 'Horde descendants'.
  • Evelina KravchenkoUkrainian archaeologist, Candidate of Historical Sciences, researcher of the Uch-Bash settlement and Bilozerska culture, compiler of the 2019 monograph.

F

G

  • Gabriel Ter-MikelyanProminent Armenian architect, author of the design of the Church of St. Hripsime in Yalta.
  • Genoese Monuments of CrimeaNetwork of medieval Genoese fortresses in Crimea (Sudak, Caffa/Feodosia, Chembalo/Balaclava) and a proposal for their transnational UNESCO nomination.
  • Genres and Forms of Crimean Tatar Classical MusicDescription of classical forms of instrumental and vocal Eastern music (peshrev, taksim, fasıl, saz semai, usul).
  • George MacDonald FraserScottish writer (1926–2008); the Flashman series with the novel 'Flashman in the Great Game' about the Crimean War and an escape from captivity (section 'Crimea in foreign literature').
  • George the Dragon-Slayer (Saint George)An early Christian saint and martyr (late 3rd – early 4th century); venerated in Orthodoxy, Catholicism, and Protestantism; the image of the 'dragon-slayer horseman' is a later legend exploited by imperial propaganda.
  • Georgians in CrimeaOne of Crimea's least-studied ethnic groups: the Church of St. Nino in Kerch, the Georgian community, participation in the liberation of the peninsula, and the deportation of 1778–1780.
  • Germans of CrimeaHistory of the German community of Crimea: medieval Goths and Principality of Theodoro, 19th-century colonization, national districts, and "evacuation" of 1941.
  • Giuseppe GaribaldiItalian revolutionary and 'unifier of Italy' (1807–1882); the Crimean branch of the family (uncle Ambrose) traded in Feodosia, Taganrog, and Kerch.
  • Government of South russia and Ukraine (1920)The policy of General P. Wrangel's White Guard administration in Crimea towards Ukraine, the language decree, the agreement with the Cossacks, and the demography of the army.
  • Gozadinovy Sisters (Ukrainian educators, natives of Crimea)Natives of Bakhchysarai (Crimea), founders of women's education in Kherson (a boarding school in 1855, then a gymnasium).
  • Great Resettlement of Ukrainians to CrimeaPlanned settlement of Crimea by Ukrainian collective farmers for reconstruction after the 1944 deportation.
  • Greeks in CrimeaOne of Crimea's oldest ethnic groups: ancient polises, the Urum and Rumey sub-ethnoses, the 1778 resettlement to the Azov region, and the Stalinist deportation of 1944.

H

I

  • Indigenous Ukrainian Population of CrimeaHistorical layer of Ukrainian peasant settlers of the 18th–20th centuries in Crimea, their economic and cultural contribution.
  • Infrastructure Projects in CrimeaOverview of Crimean infrastructure projects (railways, resorts, industry) based on TsDNTA of Ukraine funds.
  • Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of UkraineMain academic institution of Ukraine in the field of archaeology, founded in 1918.
  • Italians in CrimeaItalians as an ethnic group of the peninsula: medieval Genoese and Venetian colonies, 19th-century architects and merchants, a national kolkhoz, the 1942 repression and deportation, and the 'Cherkio' community.
  • Ivan KhvorostetskyiUkrainian landscape and marine painter (1888–1958), author of a series of Crimean landscapes.
  • Ivan PiddubnyProminent Ukrainian wrestler, six-time world champion (1871–1949); began his career in Crimea (Sevastopol, Feodosia); a symbol of the appropriation of a Ukrainian by russian propaganda, tortured by the NKVD for 'Ukrainian nationalism'.
  • Ivan RyaboshtanovA Feodosia gardener who worked at the dacha of the merchant Yosyp Stamboli in the early 20th century; his family descended from settlers from the Kharkiv governorate.
  • Ivan StempkovskyMayor of Kerch; under him a school, pier, Holy Trinity Cathedral, and the Mithridat Stairs were built; the Stempkovsky Chapel (1830).

J

  • Jasper FfordeWelsh fantasy writer; the novel 'The Dzhen Affair' portrays an alternative Crimean War that lasts until 1985 (section 'Crimea in foreign literature').
  • Jules Verne and CrimeaRoute of the characters of the novel \"Keraban the Inflexible\" through Crimea and Ukraine, everyday life and geographical sketches.

K

  • Kakhovka Reservoir and Kakhovka Hydroelectric Power PlantThe largest irrigation structure of the 20th century on the Dnipro; source of the North Crimean Canal; built at Ukraine's expense.
  • Kanaka (Valley, River, and Relict Grove)Kanaka River valley between Sudak and Alushta and its relict juniper and pistachio grove; versions of name origin.
  • Karabi-Yayla (Plateau and Cave Massif)Largest Crimean mountain plateau (113 sq. km), a unique karst massif with hundreds of caves, and the source of the Biyuk-Karasu River.
  • KaraitesThe indigenous Turkic-speaking ethnic group of Crimea and Ukraine: origins, Anaism, kenasas, and history in Crimea and Galicia/Volhynia.
  • Karaites of FeodosiaThe oldest Crimean Karaim community in the Karaim quarter of Feodosia: the kenasa, the cemetery, prominent figures, and the 'Aha Dumpa' festival.
  • Kara-Dag: Legends, Sea Serpent, and Propaganda Myth of St. George the Dragon SlayerLegends of Karadag (the sea serpent) and the propagandist myth of St. George the Dragon-Slayer as 'proof' of Crimea's sacredness.
  • Kaygador (Ordzhonikidze, Orzho)An ancient settlement on Crimea's south-eastern coast between Feodosia and Koktebel (now the town of Ordzhonikidze); a thousand-year history and the Kaygador Gate of Caffa.
  • KerchUkraine's oldest city; Mount Mithridat, the Mithridat Stairs, the ancient Panticapaeum, and the Bosporan Kingdom.
  • Khanate UkraineA Cossack state under the protectorate of the Crimean Khanate and the Ottoman Empire (1680s–1720s): 'khan hetmans', Pylyp Orlyk's Constitution (1710), and the Oleshky Sich.
  • Kharytyna PekarchukA Crimean Ukrainian of Polish origin (1894, Simferopol — 1973), soldier of the Army of the Ukrainian People's Republic, participant in the Winter Campaign, recipient of the Symon Petliura Cross.
  • KhersonA city on the Dnipro (founded 1778), cradle of the Black Sea Fleet; about 200 ships were built at its shipyard (1783–1827).
  • Kherson AdmiraltyCitadel of the russian empire's naval shipbuilding on the Dnipro; cradle of the Black Sea Fleet.
  • Kherson and Taurida GovernoratesFormation and history of governorates in southern Ukraine: Novorossiya (1790s), 1802 division, Kherson and Taurida governorates, Northern Taurida.
  • Kherson — Center of Maritime Education in Southern UkraineMaritime education in Kherson: 18th-century government projects, merchant shipyard, Kherson School of Merchant Navigation (1834) — the oldest civilian maritime institution in Ukraine.
  • Korsun Agreement of 1668Military-political alliance of Hetman Petro Doroshenko with the Ottoman Empire, officially proclaiming an Ottoman protectorate and the independence of the Zaporozhian Host.
  • Kostiantyn BohayevskyA Feodosia watercolourist (20th century) who documented Crimean Tatar architectural monuments; participant in the excavation of the Mosque of Uzbek (1926).
  • Kostiantyn VelychkoEnsign, chairman of the Sevastopol Ukrainian Council in 1917–1918.
  • Kozu-bash — Crimean Apple VarietyA unique indigenous Crimean apple variety, almost lost after the 1944 deportation of the Crimean Tatars and rediscovered in the Bilohirsk district in 2018.
  • Kremlin's Migration Policy in Crimea and Ukraine (1944–1950s)USSR system of forced migration measures for demographic replacement of Crimea and exhaustion of Ukrainian peasantry.
  • KrymchaksA Turkic-speaking Jewish ethnic group of Crimea (Rabbanites) that formed in the early Middle Ages; suffered a demographic catastrophe during World War II, losing 80% of its population.
  • Kyzyl-Koba CultureArchaeological culture of the Late Bronze and Early Iron Age (12th–3rd centuries BCE) in Crimea, associated with ancient Tauri.

L

  • Laki (village)The forgotten Greek village of the Bakhchysarai district (6th–7th centuries — 1960): the 1778 'replacement', the 1944 deportation, and the Monastery of St. Luke.
  • Lazar KaganovichPeople's Commissar of Communications of the USSR (1944); recipient of reports on the preparation of the deportation.
  • Leonid HorobetsDoctor of Biological Sciences, ornithologist and paleontologist at the NMNH NAS of Ukraine, researcher of birds from Uch-Bash.
  • Leonid KorniyetsChairman of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR, head of government commissions for the reconstruction of the south.
  • Leonid MelnykovFirst Secretary of the CC of the CP(b)U (1949–1953), curator of large-scale infrastructure projects.
  • Lesia Ukrainka Museum in YaltaA memorial museum and Ukrainian-studies educational and cultural centre in Yalta, founded in the building (Katerynynska St., 8) where the poetess lived.
  • Lesya UkrainkaProminent Ukrainian writer whose life and work are tied to Yalta and Crimea; her memorial museum and the image of the 'stone-breaker'.
  • Levko ChykalenkoUkrainian public-political figure and archaeologist (1888–1965); son of Yevhen Chykalenko, secretary of the Ukrainian Central Rada, member of the UNR Directorate delegation in negotiations with Wrangel (1920).
  • Levko SymyrenkoUkrainian pomologist, 'king of horticulture', author of the work 'Crimean Industrial Fruit Growing'.
  • Lev GolitsynPrince and winemaker, founder of champagne production in Novyi Svit, builder of the 'Massandra' cellars, creator of the 'Livadiia' and 'Alushta' wines, author of the principle 'the product of a variety and a locality'.
  • Lidiya VynohradovaUkrainian scientist-archivist, head of the author-compiler team for the DAKhO documentary collection on the Crimean War.
  • Lipka TatarsHistory, military, and unique manuscript heritage of Lipka Tatars (Lithuanian Tatars).
  • Louis BoussenardFrench adventure writer (1847–?); the novel 'The Zouaves of Malakhov Kurgan' about the Crimean War (section 'Crimea in foreign literature').
  • Lyudmyla StrokovaUkrainian museum professional, general director of NMUNDM, author of the chronicle of the struggle for "Scythian gold".
  • Lyudmyla YakubovaDoctor of Historical Sciences, researcher of Crimean studies.

M

  • Main Principles of Unifying Crimea with the Ukrainian State (1918)Draft agreement on the autonomy of Crimea within the Ukrainian State, dated 9 October 1918.
  • Maksymilian Voloshyn (poet, artist, philosopher)Ukrainian poet, landscape painter, and philosopher (1877–1932), native of Kyiv, creator of the 'House of the Poet' in Koktebel; pacifist and cosmopolitan, an example of the appropriation of a Ukrainian artist by russian culture.
  • Maksym DuboviazUkrainian journalist, contributor to Krymska Svitlytsia, author of publications on Crimean winemaking and the peninsula's heritage.
  • MamaiCrimean emir, temnik and beklerbek of the Golden Horde (1335–1380); his name became a legendary symbol of the Cossacks; critique of the Kulikovo myth.
  • Marine Fishing and Fishing Industry of CrimeaState and potential of the Azov-Black Sea fishing industry: pre-war infrastructure, post-war decline, and the Ukrainian SSR's measures to restore the sector.
  • Maritime Armenia (Armenians in Crimea)The historical region of south-eastern Crimea around Solkhat (Staryi Krym) with a rich Armenian heritage, a network of mountain settlements, a trade and financial role, and monasteries.
  • Mark TwainAmerican writer; visited Crimea in 1867 aboard the steamer 'Quaker City', described the ruins of Sevastopol and an audience with Alexander II in 'The Innocents Abroad' (section 'Crimea in foreign literature').
  • Maryna SerheyevaCandidate of Historical Sciences, specialist in bone-carving crafts and dendroanalysis at the Institute of Archaeology of the NAS of Ukraine.
  • Metallurgy and Metalworking of the Final Bronze AgeStudy of tin-arsenic bronze compositions, blacksmithing technologies, and the reorientation of metal sources to the Caucasus.
  • Metropolis of Brăila (Proilavia)Orthodox Metropolis of the Ecumenical Patriarchate in the Ottoman Empire, under whose jurisdiction were the parishes of Khan Ukraine and Oleshky Sich.
  • Metropolis of Gothia and CaffaUnited metropolis of the Patriarchate of Constantinople (1676–1786): Gothia and Caffa sees, 1778 resettlement of Christians, liquidation by the ROC.
  • Metropolis of Kamianets (Exarchate of Little Rus')A separate metropolis of the Constantinople Patriarchate (1681–1690) in the Kamianets eyalet established to minister to Right-Bank Ukraine.
  • Metropolitan Ignatiy (Gozadinos)The last Metropolitan of Gothia and Caffa, organiser of the withdrawal of Christians from Crimea in 1778 and founder of Mariupol.
  • Michael MoorcockBritish fantasy writer and rock musician (b. 1939); the 'Chronicles of Hawkmoon' cycle (technofantasy) set in Crimea: Simferopol, Kerch, 'Ukrania', the sect of the Mad God (section 'Crimea in foreign literature').
  • Mihail SadoveanuRomanian writer (1880–1961), classic of Romanian literature; the historical novels 'The Jder Brothers' and 'Life of Stephen the Great' about Moldavian-Crimean ties of the 15th century, the Principality of Theodoro, and the Ottoman conquest of 1475. Translated Shevchenko into Romanian.
  • Mine Threat and Unexploded Ordnance in the Black SeaProblem of residual World War II ammunition and the dangers of Soviet naval firing ranges of the USSR BSF.
  • Mizhhirne ReservoirOne of the largest artificial off-stream reservoirs in Crimea of the second stage of the NCC near the village of Skvortsove.
  • Morits BenovskyHungarian hussar, Podolian nobleman, figure of the Bar Confederation and proclaimed 'king' of Madagascar.
  • Mosques of Southeastern Crimea (in Drawings and Lithographs)Three mosques of southeastern Crimea (Karagoz, Koletch, Khan Ozbeg of 1314) — Golden Horde landmarks recorded by artists Russen and Bogayevsky.
  • Mud Volcanoes of CrimeaMud volcanoes of the Kerch Peninsula: the Bulhanak group of mud hills, Dzhautepe (the highest, 120 m), and the geological context of the Ak-Monai isthmus.
  • Mykhailo DoroshenkoCossack hetman (1625–1628), successor of Sahaidachny; died in the 1628 campaign against Crimea on the side of Shagin Geray against Kan-Temir.
  • Mykhailo HrechukhaFirst Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR, head of the meeting on studying the Ukrainian language in Crimean schools (1955).
  • Mykhailo LabunetsGeneral Director of the trust 'Krymkanalbud' (1963–1985), head of the construction of the North Crimean Canal.
  • Mykhailo VishnyakUkrainian educator, poet, researcher of the Ukrainian literature department of Tavriya University; in 2003–2005 head of the department, member of the National Writers' Union of Ukraine.
  • Mykhaylo Chaikovskyi (Mehmet Sadik Pasha)Military and political figure, commander of the Ottoman Cossacks (Transdanubian Sich) in the Crimean War.
  • Mykola GogolUkrainian writer; connection with Crimea through 'A Terrible Vengeance' and the discourse of Ukrainian identity.
  • Mykola PidhornyySecond Secretary of the CC of the CPU, who in 1954 guaranteed the preservation of russian-language record-keeping in Crimea.
  • Mykola SamokyshaProminent Ukrainian graphic artist, battle painter, academician and professor, founder of the art school in Simferopol.
  • Mykola YakovynaHonorary President of the Ukrainian National Committee of ICOMOS; author of an article on the 1972 UNESCO Convention as a tool for protecting monuments in occupied Crimea.
  • Mykola ZakorkoHead of the Stalinska Railway (1944), General-Director of Traffic 2nd rank; controlled the loading of echelons.

N

  • Nataliia HryhorchukArchivist, researcher of TsDAVO of Ukraine.
  • Negotiations of the UNR Directorate with Wrangel (1920)Negotiations between the military delegation of the Ukrainian People's Republic and 'ruler of Southern russia' Petro Wrangel in Crimea on joint action against the Bolsheviks; participation of Levko Chykalenko.
  • Nikita KhrushchevFirst Secretary of the CC CPSU (1953–1964); personally initiated the process that culminated in the transfer of the Crimean Oblast to Ukraine in 1954.
  • Noman ChelebidzhikhanMufti of Muslims of Crimea, head of government of the Crimean People's Republic (1917), author of the anthem ("Ant Etkenmen"), killed by Bolsheviks in Sevastopol on Feb 23, 1918.
  • North Crimean CanalHydrotechnical system from Kakhovka Reservoir (Kherson region) through Perekop to Crimea; until 2014 — up to 85% of Crimea's water.
  • Novomykolayivka (village, Kerch Peninsula)Village in Lenine District, founded by Poltava settlers in the mid-19th century; Klymenko estate and local history museum.
  • Nyzhnohirskyi DistrictFlat steppe region in northeastern Crimea, Nogaychinsky Sarmatian barrow, Shatilov estate, and Syvash geography.

O

  • Oil and Gas Industry and Geological Exploration in Crimea (1945–1954)Geological exploration and drilling operations on the Kerch and Tarkhankut peninsulas involving Ukrainian SSR structures.
  • Oleh SoichA Crimean, director of the Kharkiv Malyshev Tank Plant; under his leadership the production of the T-64 tank ('Bulat') was put on stream.
  • Oleh SokolovskyyProminent Ukrainian test pilot who in 1948 in the sky over Crimea broke the speed of sound for the first time on a La-176 fighter.
  • Oleksandr BarchenkoSoviet occultist, head of the OGPU's secret expedition to Crimea (1926–1927) in search of the Grail.
  • Oleksandr BazhanDirector of the Central State Archives of Public Organizations of Ukraine, chairman of the editorial board of the collection 'Crimea is Ukraine'.
  • Oleksandr Bertier-DelagardProminent Crimean researcher, military engineer, major general, archaeologist, numismatist, vice president of the Odesa Society of History and Antiquities.
  • Oleksandr DabizhaUkrainian historian, heraldist, diplomat, and artist, researcher of the Cossack era, buried in Yalta.
  • Oleksandr Horsky (film production organizer, director of the Yalta Film Factory)Ukrainian film-production organiser, director of the Yalta Film Factory and of the Kyiv and Odesa film studios (1898–1983); father of Alla Horska.
  • Oleksandr HubarUkrainian educator, literary scholar, researcher of P. Tychyna's ties with Crimea.
  • Oleksandr LeskovProminent Ukrainian archaeologist, researcher of Crimea and the Lower Dnipro region; repressed by the Soviet regime.
  • Oleksandr PonomarovLeading research fellow of the Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Kyiv, researcher of Zaporozhian-Crimean relations of the 18th century.
  • Oleksandr Pushkinrussian poet; his visit to Kerch in 1820, assessment of the city, and the 1999 monument.
  • Oleksandr TakhtaiUkrainian archaeologist, museum professional, and saviour of the Chersonesos collections during World War II; repressed by the Soviet regime.
  • Oleksiy KyrychenkoFirst Secretary of the CC of the CP of Ukraine (1953–1957), who in January 1954 received a note on the decline of agriculture and horticulture in Crimea.
  • Oleksiy ShovkunenkoProminent Ukrainian painter, master of watercolour and landscape, close friend of Pavlo Tychyna.
  • Olena KysilevskaUkrainian writer, journalist, publisher, and public figure, head of WFUWO (1948–1956), author of the essay collection "Across the Homeland" (1955).
  • Oleshshya (City of Kyivan Rus)Old Rus' city of the 10th–13th centuries on Velykyi Potomkin Island — an important point in the Lower Dnieper and the route \"from the Varangians to the Greeks\".
  • Olha PuhachUkrainian publicist, researcher, and public figure, activist of Kyiv City Organization "Prosvita".
  • OreandaPicturesque settlement and imperial estate on the Southern Coast of Crimea, the first tsarist palace complex, Church of the Protection.
  • Origin of the Name "Rus" in CrimeaPreservation of the ancient ethnonymic self-name "Rus' people" among Ukrainian-speaking residents and imperial distortions.

P

  • Paleoeconomy of the Inkerman ValleySocio-economic model of management, crafts, and environmental use in the 12th–7th centuries BCE.
  • Paleoethnobotany and Archaeozoology of the Inkerman MicroregionComplex of natural science studies of crop production, animal husbandry, birds, and mullet fishing at Uch-Bash.
  • PanticapaeumAn ancient Greek polis (610–590 BC), capital of the Bosporan Kingdom; acropolis on Mount Mithridat in Kerch.
  • Pavlo HollandskyiArchitect, archaeologist, restorer, and educator; researcher and saviour of Crimean monuments (1919–1939).
  • Pavlo HoryanskyiHead of the Yalta Ukrainian community, leader of the Small Council of the Kuban Regional Government and consul of the UNR in Crimea (1919–1920).
  • Pavlo MakarovAide-de-camp to General May-Mayevsky, author of memoirs, prototype of the on-screen Pavlo Koltsov.
  • Pavlo SatskyiAuthor of the monograph 'Crimea: The Road to Ukraine', researcher of Crimea's integration with Ukraine.
  • Pavlo SkoropadskyiHetman of the Ukrainian State (1918), initiator of the accession of Crimea.
  • Pavlo TychynaUkrainian poet, translator, one of the founders of the Association of Oriental Studies of Ukraine.
  • Pavlo TytovSoviet party figure, First Secretary of the Crimean Regional Committee of the CPU (1949–1954), removed in late 1953.
  • Petro BolbochanColonel of the Army of the Ukrainian People's Republic, who liberated Crimea from the Bolsheviks in April 1918.
  • Petro DoroshenkoHetman of the Zaporozhian Host (1665–1676), initiator of the alliance with the Ottoman Empire in 1668 and unity of Cossack Ukraine.
  • Petro Ivanenko (Petryk)Chancellery clerk of Mazepa, hetman of Khan's Ukraine; in 1692 concluded a treaty of alliance with the Crimean khan against Moscow and Poland.
  • Petro KishkaSeaman-reconnaissance officer, hero of the defense of Sevastopol (1854–1855), whose Ukrainian surname imperial-Soviet historiography russified to "Koshka".
  • Petro KyrychokCandidate of Philological Sciences, associate professor, organiser of the first Ukrainian-studies department at the Crimean Pedagogical Institute (1955–1977), the first Doctor of Philological Sciences of Simferopol University in Ukrainian literature.
  • Petro NeporozhniyDeputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR (1950s), leader in solving Crimea's water supply and urban planning problems.
  • Petro Struverussian politician and economist, Minister of Foreign Affairs in A. Kryvoshein's government under General P. Wrangel (1920).
  • Petro VolvachCrimean journalist and researcher of the history of Crimea, author of articles in Krymska Svitlytsia, compiler of the reprint of Levko Symyrenko's monograph.
  • Petro Wrangelrussian military commander, lieutenant general, 'ruler of Southern russia' (1920); held negotiations with the UNR Directorate in Crimea.
  • Plague in Crimea (Black Death)The 14th-century pandemic (Black Death): Caffa as the 'gateway' of plague to Europe and its consequences for Crimea, Ukraine, and Desht-i-Kipchak.
  • Plast Movement in CrimeaHistory of the emergence, development, and activities of Plast (National Scout Organization of Ukraine) centers in Crimea (1990–2014) and continuation of the tradition in exile.
  • "Poetic Atlas of Crimea" (1989 Edition and Its Critique)The Soviet publication 'Poetic Atlas of Crimea' (1989) as a tool of imperial propaganda; critique of the colonial image of Crimea in russian literature.
  • Pogos Ter-HukasyanBaku oil industrialist and patron, founder of the Armenian church in Yalta.
  • Poltava Region Aid to Victims of the 1927 Crimean EarthquakeFundraising campaign and month of assistance in Poltava region for Crimean population after the 1927 earthquake.
  • Principality of HlynskBorder autonomous state of the 14th–16th centuries in Poltava region, founded by descendants of Mamai, and a prototype of the Cossacks.
  • Protocols of Repressive Bodies of the Communist Totalitarian Regime in Crimea in 1920–1953Protocols of Cheka, GPU, NKVD of Crimea from inventory No. 6 of collection No. 6 of HDA SBU (106 archival units, 1920-1953).

R

S

  • Sakharna Golovka SettlementLandmark of the Kizil-Koba culture, a satellite settlement of Uch-Bash with pottery kilns on the Chorna River.
  • SakyResort town in Western Crimea: healing muds, salt industry, chemical plant, inclusiveness, and dinosaur sculpture by Serhiy Lykhosherstov.
  • Salhyrka Horticultural Experimental StationOne of the oldest research institutions of Crimea (founded in 1913 in the "Salhyrka" estate), a center of pomology, bioprotection, and plant breeding.
  • Salt Industry in CrimeaHistory of salt extraction from Perekop lakes (As, Tuzla), Sasyk, and the Arabat Spit, Khanate duties, Chumak trade, and decline.
  • Sanatorium and Resort Infrastructure of CrimeaHistory, nationalization, war damage, post-war stagnation (1944–1954), and engineering solutions of Crimean health resorts.
  • School Education in CrimeaPost-war state of school education under RSFSR administration (1944–1954) and large-scale program of building schools and kindergartens after 1954.
  • Scythian Gold (Exhibition and Court Case)Exhibition project "Crimea. Golden Island in the Black Sea" and the international lawsuit in Amsterdam regarding the return of the Museum Fund of Ukraine.
  • Sea of AzovShallowest sea in the world, relict of the Arctic Ocean, biogas/methane, energy resources, and fauna.
  • Seiner "Shkval"Fishing vessel (Chornomorske urban-type settlement) sunk on July 22, 1998 near Cape Lukull due to a depth charge detonation.
  • Semen DuvanMayor of Yevpatoria, Karaim figure who lobbied for recognition of the non-Jewish origin of the Karaims (1938), saving them from the Holocaust.
  • Sergei KorolyovChief designer of the Soviet space programme, creator of PS-1 and R-7, ideologue of the planetary programme.
  • Serhii HorbanenkoCandidate of Historical Sciences, paleoethnobotanist at the IA NAS of Ukraine, co-author of the monograph on the Inkerman Valley.
  • Serhii KonashevychUkrainian journalist, publicist, researcher of the history of Crimea, author of materials in the newspaper Krymska Svitlytsia.
  • Serhii LykhosherstovSculptor-paleontologist, author of the composition "Struggle of Brontosaurus with Caelatosaurus" in Saky, depicted on the city coat of arms.
  • Serhii MokreniukHead of the NGO 'Euromaidan-Crimea', participant in the project.
  • Serhii ZhukAcademician, director of "Hydroproject", author of the gravity irrigation concept for the south.
  • Serhiy RazumovCandidate of Historical Sciences, traceologist and researcher of flint industries of the Uch-Bash settlement.
  • SevastopolA port city, base of the Black Sea Fleet; catastrophic municipal conditions in the post-war decade (1944–1954), Ukraine's role in the revival, and a centre of Plast (1997).
  • Sevastopol as the "City of russian Defeat"Concept refuting the myth of the "city of russian glory", analysis of the chain of russia's military defeats in the Crimean, First, and Second World Wars.
  • Sevastopol Railway Hub and Crimean Railway BranchesRailway branches \"Inkerman 2 – Sevastopol 2\" and \"Inkerman 2 – Kamyshova Bay\", fishing port.
  • Sevastopol Ukrainian Council (1917–1918)Representative and socio-political organization of Ukrainians of Sevastopol and the Black Sea Fleet.
  • Shahin GirayThe last Crimean khan (1777–1783); russian-style reforms, the 1782 uprising, abdication in 1783, and exile to Rhodes.
  • Shefika GasprinskaCrimean Tatar enlightener and public-political figure (1886 – early 20th century); daughter of Ismail Gasprinsky, leader of the women's movement for the emancipation of Muslim women in Crimea.
  • SimferopolThe administrative centre of Crimea; post-war infrastructural crisis and a cultural centre (M. Samokysh's school).
  • Simferopol Art College named after M. S. SamokyshaOne of the oldest art educational institutions in Crimea, founded in 1922 by M. Samokysha.
  • Sinking of the Battleship NovorossiyskTragedy of October 29, 1955 in Sevastopol: detonation of the USSR BSF flagship by Italian divers of the 10th Flotilla MAS and the death of 829 people.
  • Sivash Air Disaster (An-24 Crash, 1978)Crash of passenger An-24 (flight 6515) into Syvash on Oct 23, 1978; 26 fatalities.
  • Socio-Economic Integration of Crimea with Ukraine (until 1954)Transfer of Crimea to the Ukrainian SSR and socio-economic integration of the peninsula with Ukraine until 1954 (monograph by P. Satskyy).
  • Sonyachna Dolyna (Koz Valley)Unique sunniest recreational and winemaking area with a semi-desert microclimate, indigenous grape varieties, and the famous "Ekim Kara" wine.
  • South Ukrainian CanalThe unrealised Soviet irrigation project of 1950 on the Molochna and Kinka rivers, which served as a propaganda cover for flooding the floodplains.
  • Stalinska RailwayThe railway (now Pridniprovska) that handled NKVD special transports during the 1944 deportation.
  • Stanislav BendljevichPolish traveler and researcher of the early 20th century who recorded the presence of a Greek Catholic church in Yevpatoria.
  • Stanisław PoniatowskiLast King of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795); reforms, the Constitution, the partitions of Poland, and death in St. Petersburg.
  • Staryi KrymAncient town in foothills of Crimea, former capital of the Crimean Yurt (Solkhat / Qirim), center of Maritime Armenia.
  • State Archives of the Kherson Oblast (DAHO)Leading archival institution of Southern Ukraine holding collections on the history of the Eastern (Crimean) War and publishing "Archive Library".
  • State Archive of Kyiv Oblast (DAKO)The State Archives of Kyiv Oblast.
  • State Archive of Poltava OblastA regional archival institution; keeper of the case on Poltava region's aid to victims of the 1927 Crimean earthquake.
  • State Militia and Mobilization Measures in the Kherson Region (1853–1856)Martial law, mobilization of officials and peasants, militia regiments, peasant movement, and prisoner companies.
  • State of Agriculture in Crimea on the Eve of Transfer to Ukraine (1953)Catastrophic degradation of the peninsula's agricultural sector after the war — one of the main reasons for \"imposing\" neglected Crimea on Ukraine (article by P. Volvach).
  • State of Industry and Construction Sector of Crimea in the Post-War Decade (1944–1954)Decline of industrial production, metallurgy, housing, and municipal construction in Crimean Oblast under russian SFSR administration in 1944–1954.
  • Sudak Fortress (Genoese Fortress)Medieval fortification complex in Sudak; from a branch of \"St. Sophia of Kyiv\" to destruction and \"concrete\" restorations under occupation.
  • Suleyman SulkevychChairman of the Crimean Regional Government, who held negotiations with Ukraine on unification.
  • Supersonic Aviation in CrimeaHistory of testing and basing of the first supersonic fighters (La-176, MiG-17, MiG-19) and airfield centers in Crimea (Saky, Baherove).
  • Surb-Khach MonasteryMedieval Armenian monastery complex of the 14th century near Staryi Krym, spiritual and cultural center of Maritime Armenia.
  • Svitlana KamenyevaArchivist of the State Archives of Kyiv Region.
  • Svitlana VlasenkoHead of department at the Central State Archives of Public Organizations of Ukraine, compiler of the collection 'Crimea is Ukraine'.
  • Svitlana YakobchukArchivist of the State Archives of Kyiv Region.
  • Swallow's NestA Gothic castle of the early 20th century on the Aurora Rock (Yalta); a symbol of Crimea; the illegal occupation-era 'restoration' (Meandr, 2017–2020).

T

U

  • Uch-BashFortified settlement of the Late Bronze – Early Iron Age in the Inkerman Valley; center of early iron metallurgy.
  • Ugo TarchettiClassic Italian writer (1839–1869), representative of the Scapigliatura movement, author of the anti-war novel "Noble Madness" about the Crimean War (category "Crimea in Foreign Literature").
  • Ukraine Revives the Crimean VillagesOverview of housing construction programs and settlement of migrants in Crimean villages (1954–1958).
  • Ukraine's Contribution to the Reconstruction of Crimea (1944–1954)Large-scale reconstruction of Crimean Oblast using Ukrainian SSR resources, planned recruitment of Ukrainian peasants, and the 1991 referendum.
  • Ukrainian Education in Kerch (1917–1920)Development and attempts to organize educational institutions in Kerch during World War I and the Ukrainian Revolution.
  • Ukrainian Philology at Taurida UniversityDevelopment of the Ukrainian philology department at Taurida University: from the first department of Ukrainian language and literature (1955) to the faculty of Ukrainian philology and Ukrainian studies (2005).
  • Ukrainian Theater in CrimeaThe Crimean Regional Ukrainian Music and Drama Theatre in Simferopol (from 1955) — a centre of Ukrainian culture created after Crimea's transfer to the Ukrainian SSR.
  • Ukrainian Toponyms of CrimeaUkrainian names of Crimean settlements as traces of the centuries-long Ukrainian presence: two historical groups of toponyms and demography according to Evliya Çelebi.
  • UkrVodBud Construction and Installation DirectorateA specialised construction organisation of the Ukrainian SSR, established in 1950 to build the South Ukrainian and North Crimean canals.
  • Umer IpchiCrimean Tatar writer and playwright, author of the script for the film 'Alim'.
  • Underwater Cities of CrimeaSunken ancient and medieval settlements off the Crimean coast (Akra / 'Crimean Atlantis', the port of Soldaia, caves near Yevpatoria).
  • Unified Economic Complex of Southern Ukraine and CrimeaFormation of an integrated regional economic complex (water, energy, transport, demographic) as the economic basis of the 1954 decision.

V

  • Valerio BorgheseItalian Commander ("Black Prince"), commander of underwater saboteurs of the 10th Flotilla MAS, organizer of the sinking of the battleship "Novorossiysk".
  • Valeriy VerkhovskyJournalist and publicist, author of studies in the newspaper Krymska Svitlytsia (about the Germans of Crimea, Makarov, 'The Andromeda Nebula', Beniowski, Baksha, and the 'city of russian defeat').
  • Valley of Stone GhostsA natural landscape monument on the slope of Demerdzhi near Alushta: the Stone Chaos, the legend of the blacksmith, and the filming of 'Kidnapping, Caucasian Style'.
  • Vasyl IvanysActing head of state affairs and acting Kuban ataman (1920).
  • Vasyl KomyakovFirst Secretary of the Crimean Regional Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine, organiser of the revival of the agricultural sector and the Ukrainisation of Crimea.
  • Vasyl KyriiLieutenant General of the Army of the Ukrainian People's Republic, quartermaster general under Wrangel, adviser on Ukrainian affairs in Crimea (1920).
  • Vasyl SokornovProminent Crimean photo artist, landscape painter, author of the photo series "Views of Crimea" and illustrator of Volume 1 of "Crimean Industrial Fruit Growing".
  • Vegetable Farming and Market Gardening in CrimeaDevelopment, decline, post-war revival, and technological revolution in vegetable growing and potato farming in Crimea.
  • Veli IbraimovChairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Crimean ASSR (1924–1928), Crimean Tatar statesman, participant in the 1917 Kurultai, victim of Stalinist repression.
  • Vikentiy RussenA Feodosia artist of French origin (19th century), author of lithographs and drawings of Crimean mosques.
  • Vira RoikOutstanding Ukrainian embroidery master, Hero of Ukraine, "Crimean Poltavian", founder of the School of Ukrainian Embroidery in Simferopol.
  • Vladyslav BerkovskyiArchivist, researcher of film, photo, and sound documents.
  • Volodymyr Mai-MaiievskyiLieutenant General, commander of the Volunteer Army of the Armed Forces of South russia (1919).
  • Volodymyr ShchekunCrimean Plast scout, founder of the Plast circle 'Happy Lions' in exile (Shchaslyve village).
  • Vorontsov Palace (Alupka)A 19th-century architectural monument in Alupka — the former residence of Count M. Vorontsov, now a palace museum.
  • Vvedenskyi CastleMini-hotel and architectural landmark made of 200-year-old bricks in the village of Izobilne, Nyzhnohirskyi District near Syvash.

W

Y

  • Yakiv SlashchovLieutenant General, commander of the Crimean Corps of the Armed Forces of South russia, initiator of negotiations with the UNR in 1920.
  • YaltaA resort town on the Southern Coast of Crimea and its infrastructural development at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries.
  • Yegor Gaidarrussian politician and economist who emphasized Crimea's complete economic and resource dependence on Ukraine.
  • Yevgen MarkovWriter, traveller, educator, and ethnographer (1835–1903), author of 'Essays on the Crimea' (1882), who documented the imperial destruction of orchards and fountains in Crimea.
  • Yevgen SherstobitovUkrainian Soviet film director ('The Andromeda Nebula', 'Scuba Divers on the Bottom'), whose creative path and life were closely tied to Crimea.
  • Yevheniia YanishCandidate of Biological Sciences, archaeozoologist at the Institute of Zoology of the NAS of Ukraine, researcher of the ichthyofauna of Uch-Bash.
  • Yevheniya BorysenkoUkrainian journalist, researcher of the Armenian heritage of Crimea.
  • Yevhen ChykalenkoUkrainian public figure, patron, landowner, initiator of convening the Ukrainian Central Rada (1917); author of a diary — a valuable source on the history of the Ukrainian liberation struggle.
  • Yevhen RegushovskyiDoctor of Philological Sciences, professor, linguist; from late 1975 head of the Ukrainian linguistics department of the Crimean Pedagogical Institute.
  • Yosyp Tukalskyi-NeliubovychMetropolitan of Kyiv, Halych, and All Rus' (1663–1675), associate of Doroshenko, who abolished commemoration of the Moscow Tsar in Ukrainian churches.
  • Yuliush SlovatskyyProminent Polish Romantic poet and playwright, native of Volhynia, author of the poem 'Beniowski' with a Crimean storyline.
  • Yuliya KazdobinaAdviser to the Minister of Information Policy, co-developer of the Strategy for the Reintegration of Crimea.
  • Yurii KlymenkoLocal historian, collector, and keeper of the heritage of Poltava settlers in Novomykolaivka; founder of the local history museum.
  • Yuriy KulchytskyiUkrainian Cossack, founder of the coffee tradition in Europe; learned to brew coffee in Crimea during Turkish captivity; hero of the 1683 defence of Vienna.

Z

1